WHAT IS DUTASTERIDE?
28FebFebruary 28, 2023
WHAT IS DUTASTERIDE? A GUIDE TO TAKING DUTASTERIDE
Dutasteride is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor used in treating symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate, also known as benign prostatic hypertrophy.
Dutasteride versus finasteride is often discussed in the context of managing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and its associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Both medications are evaluated for their effectiveness and safety profiles, highlighting their roles as 5α-reductase inhibitors in improving patient outcomes. Understanding individual patient needs is crucial when choosing between these treatments.
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WHAT IS DUTASTERIDE?
Dutasteride is a synthetic 4-azasteroid compound. It reduces the levels of circulating 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It was also shown to reduce the size of the prostate gland, and improve urinary flow, and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia alone or in combination with tamsulosin. While dutasteride can lower PSA levels, ongoing PSA tests are crucial for screening prostate cancer.
The reduction in DHT activity may prevent enlargement of the prostate gland. However, there is a potential risk of developing high-grade prostate cancer, and it is important to inform healthcare providers about dutasteride use, particularly related to PSA tests and potential complications in medical procedures like cataract surgery.
STRUCTURE OF DUTASTERIDE IN PROSTATE CANCER TREATMENT
2730F622
Molecular weight: 528.5 g/mol
CAS number: 164656-23-9
IUPAC name: (1S,3aS,3bS,5aR,9aR,9bS,11aS)-N-[2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-9a,11a-dimethyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,3a,3b,4,5,5a,6,9b,10,11-dodecahydroindeno[5,4-f]quinoline-1-carboxamide
As evident from the clinical studies, Dutasteride competitively and specifically binds to type 1 and 2 isoenzymes of 5 alpha-reductase, forming stable enzyme complexes and inhibiting the conversion of testosterone to 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It may also cause decreases in serum PSA in the presence of prostate cancer.
The type 1 isoenzyme is active in the skin and the liver, while type 2 5 alpha-reductase isoenzyme is active in the reproductive tissues. Dutasteride is part of the 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors class.
The effect of the reduction of DHT by Dutasteride is dose-dependent, with the maximum effect observed within 1-2 weeks following initial administration.
DUTASTERIDE DOSAGE FORMS
Dutasteride is available in various dosage forms to cater to different treatment needs. The most common form is the oral capsule, which contains 0.5 mg of dutasteride and is typically taken once a day. This form is convenient for those looking to manage conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer.
Additionally, dutasteride is available in a combination tablet with tamsulosin. This tablet contains 0.5 mg of dutasteride and 0.4 mg of tamsulosin, offering a dual approach to treating BPH. The combination tablet is also taken once a day, providing an effective solution for those who require both medications.
These dosage forms make it easier for patients to adhere to their treatment regimen, ensuring consistent management of their symptoms.
TAKING DUTASTERIDE
Taking dutasteride correctly is crucial for its effectiveness. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you:
Follow your doctor’s prescription: Always take dutasteride exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Swallow the capsule whole: Take the capsule with a full glass of water. Do not crush, chew, or break it.
Consistency is key: Take the medication at the same time each day, with or without food, to maintain steady levels in your body.
Missed dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once.
By following these steps, you can ensure that you are taking dutasteride effectively to manage your condition.
INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER DRUGS
Dutasteride can interact with other medications, which may affect its efficacy or increase the risk of side effects. Here are some key interactions to be aware of:
Blood thinners: Taking dutasteride with blood thinners like warfarin may increase the risk of bleeding.
High blood pressure medications: Dutasteride may enhance the effects of medications for high blood pressure, potentially leading to low blood pressure.
Prostate medications: Combining dutasteride with other prostate medications, such as tamsulosin, may require careful monitoring.
Depression medications: Dutasteride may interact with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) used for depression.
Always consult your healthcare provider before combining dutasteride with other medications to avoid potential interactions and ensure safe use.
DUTASTERIDE EFFECTS ON ENLARGED PROSTATE
Dutasteride’s benefits include the management of the following conditions:
Symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Lower urinary tract symptoms
Prostate cancer
Scalp hair loss
Transgender hormone therapy
DUTASTERIDE SIDE EFFECTS AND ALLERGIC REACTIONS
Some reported adverse effects from the use of dutasteride are:
Sexual dysfunction
Depression
Impotence
Reduced libido
Gynaecomastia
Ejaculation disorder
Headache
Gastrointestinal discomfort
Menstrual changes
Acne
Patients should be aware of the potential for an allergic reaction, which may include symptoms such as hives, difficulty breathing, and swelling. If these symptoms occur, immediate medical help should be sought.
It is also important to note the increased risk of adverse effects when dutasteride is taken concurrently with other medications. Monitoring and informing patients about these risks before starting treatment is crucial.
WHO SHOULD NOT TAKE DUTASTERIDE?
Dutasteride is not suitable for everyone. Here are some groups of people who should avoid taking this medication:
Pregnant women: Dutasteride can cause birth defects in male fetuses. It is crucial for pregnant women to avoid handling dutasteride capsules.
Women who may become pregnant: Similar to pregnant women, those who may become pregnant should avoid dutasteride due to the risk of birth defects in male fetuses.
Children: Dutasteride is not approved for use in children and should be avoided.
People with liver disease: Dutasteride may increase the risk of liver damage in individuals with liver disease.
People with a history of allergic reactions: Those who have experienced allergic reactions, such as hives, itching, or difficulty breathing, should avoid dutasteride.
People taking certain medications: Dutasteride may interact with blood thinners, high blood pressure medications, and depression medications.
It is essential to discuss your medical history and current medications with your doctor before taking dutasteride to ensure it is safe for you.
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Arif T, Dorjay K, Adil M, Sami M: Dutasteride in Androgenetic Alopecia: An Update. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2017;12(1):31-35. doi: 10.2174/1574884712666170310111125. [PMID:28294070]
Shanshanwal SJ, Dhurat RS: Superiority of dutasteride over finasteride in hair regrowth and reversal of miniaturization in men with androgenetic alopecia: A randomized controlled open-label, evaluator-blinded study. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2017 Jan-Feb;83(1):47-54. doi: 10.4103/0378-6323.188652. [PMID:27549867]
Evans HC, Goa KL: Dutasteride. Drugs Aging. 2003;20(12):905-16; discussion 917-8. doi: 10.2165/00002512-200320120-00005. [PMID:14565784]
